It is known locally as aguara guasu (meaning 'large fox') in the Guarani language, or kalak in the Toba Qom language, lobo-guará in Portuguese, and lobo de crín, lobo de los esteros, or lobo colorado in Spanish. The term maned wolf is an allusion to the mane of the nape. In 2011, a female maned wolf, run over by a truck, underwent stem cell treatment at the Zoo Brasília, this being the first recorded case of the use of stem cells to heal injuries in a wild animal. The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists it as near threatened, while it is considered a vulnerable species by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources. It is very rare in Uruguay, possibly being displaced completely through loss of habitat. This mammal lives in open and semi-open habitats, especially grasslands with scattered bushes and trees, in the Cerrado of south, central-west, and southeastern Brazil Paraguay northern Argentina and Bolivia east and north of the Andes, and far southeastern Peru (Pampas del Heath only). It communicates primarily by scent marking, but also gives a loud call known as 'roar-barking'. The maned wolf is a crepuscular and omnivorous animal adapted to the open environments of the South American savanna, with an important role in the seed dispersal of fruits, especially the wolf apple ( Solanum lycocarpum). Its long, thin legs and dense reddish coat give it a distinct appearance. It is the largest canine in South America, weighing 20–30 kg (44–66 lb) and up to 110 cm (43 in) at the withers. It is the only species in the genus Chrysocyon (meaning 'golden dog'). Its markings resemble those of foxes, but it is neither a fox nor a wolf. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Paraguay, and is almost extinct in Uruguay.

The maned wolf ( Chrysocyon brachyurus) is a large canine of South America.

Crin wolf